The best way to keep well is to avoid (1) ... foods and habits. It is also helpful to take plenty of exercise, and we should give (2) ... to people of all ages to do this, particularly the very young. If we can educate people at an early age to keep fit and to look after themselves carefully, then the (3) ... of their having problems in later life will be (4) ... reduced.

Thomas Edison knew his new invention, the lightbulb, would be revolutionary, but it's (1) ... that he realised quite how much the introduction of (2) ... would affect the kitchen. The modern kitchen is overflowing with electrical appliances. For a busy parent whose kids are hungry, the simplest (3) ... these days is to take some frozen food out of the freezer and pop it in the microwave. It's been particularly (4) ... for women - no longer do they have to stay all day chained to the cooker and the kitchen sink.

The days when people would go to a zoo for (1) ... are long gone. Today's zoos play a role in the protection of threatened species. The way animals are treated in a zoo has changed, too. Many intelligent animals suffer from (2) ... in captivity and their keepers now try to improve the (3) ... state of animals in their care. They do this, for example, by providing the animals with a variety of different food or by changing the animals' daily routine. Although some critics of zoos remain (4) ..., there can be no doubt that animals in Zoos today enjoy a more comfortable existence than in the past.

When you have accepted our offer of (1) ... you will be given a uniform which you have to wear while on duty. Our uniform has been designed after detailed (2) ... with members of staff and reflects the quality and style of our business. It helps to form the customers' first impression of us. Please note that male staff are not permitted to wear jewellery of any kind and female staff must not wear rings or earrings which are (3) ... in shape or design. Wristwatches must be (4) ... in size and appearance.

York is (1) ... one of the most interesting cities in Britain. It is a very well-preserved walled city which has seen over 2,000 years of eventful history. However, York is also a modern city with an excellent shopping centre and plenty of clubs and other places of (2) ... for those who like to stay out late. Any visit to York would be (3) ... without going to the Minster, York's Cathedral, a wonderful example of Gothic architecture on the grand scale. The Minster supposedly took 250 years to finish. One of its most impressive sights is the stained glass Rose Window, which looks particulary magnificent on a fine, (4) ... day.

Summer is in the air and it's only natural for people to feel good and (1) ... about going on holiday. Everyone needs to relax and get away, so they try to use their (2) ... leave in the best possible way. Needless to say, getting away and escaping from your routine reduces stress. Any (3) ... will tell you of the benefits a holiday offers. So, even if you have to (4) ... your belt in order to afford a holiday, do it. In the end, it's worth it!

Since its invention in the late 1950s, the skateboard has become a standard item of sports equipment for teenage boys. By the early 1970s, bicycle manufacturers started producing quality skateboards which broke less (1) ... and had more (2) ... wheels that would not come off and cause injury. The (3) ... of the sport declined in the 1980s when some critics argued it was still too risky and (4) ... . However, skateboarding has made a comeback and is likely to remain a symbol of youthful energy for many years.

The number one gadget for most teenagers today is the mobile phone. They seem to get enormous (1) ... from comparing new models which (2) ... them to send text messages at the speed of life. But most teachers are totally intolerable of mobile phone use in the classroom. Text messaging is completely banned and mobiles should be (3) ... switched off. This approach gets across the message that students need to concentrate. However, it shows that many schools misunderstand the full capability of the mobile phone. After all, a mobile phone is just like a mini computer, with full access to the web. There are many (4) ... ways in which mobiles can be used for learning.

Las Vegas is known as the marriage capital of the world. The process of obtaining a marriage licence can be completed within minutes in Las Vegas while it often takes several weeks and involves lots of paperwork in other parts of the world. It is also (1) ... cheap at just $60. There are a lot of (2) ... to choose from. The competition between different venues keeps the prices relatively low and (3) ... . This has made Las Vegas a popular destination among couples wanting to get married. The fact that it is (4) ... to plan in advance means there are plenty of spontaneous weddings in Las Vegas each year of couples on holiday.

Most people agree that the Oscars are the biggest film awards in the world. They are the most (1) ... awards anyone in the film business can win. They are called the Oscars after the golden statue which is given out to the winners. Why the statue is named Oscar remains (2) ... . Oscars are of great importance because winning one can really help a film to be successful or an actor to achieve (3) ... . As a result, an actor often gets offered lots more work and better films once he/she has won an award, as people take him/her more (4) ... .

Chameleons, a (1) ... of tree-living lizard, are found in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Arabia and Southern Europe. They are unusual in their appearance with their bulging eyes, which move (2) ..., and their long curled tail, which can be twisted around branches to increase their grip. The chameleon's eyesight is exceptional for a reptile; its 360-degree vision makes it highly (3) ... at hunting prey and spotting predators (хищ­ник). Today, many chameleon species are (4) ... because of pollution and the destruction of their natural habitat.

The New Zealanders Dwayne van der Sluis and Andrew Akers must be the happiest people on Earth now that their (1) ... and latest craze, zorbing, has become a success. Zorbing involves standing in a ball  — or zorb  — which consists of specially hardened plastic. The zorb is rolled down a hill, speeding at about 50 kilometres an hour. It may sound like quite a (2) ... pastime, but the 70 centimetres of air between you and the ground make it (3) ... to get hurt. That's why zorbing didn't take long to gain in (4) ... .

The street party is a popular form of celebration in Britain. Whole streets come together to mark such important national occasions as a new millennium. (1) ... , it is impossible to hold a party in a busy street, so traffic is banned. This may annoy motorists but it is (2) ... Street parties need the involvement of as many people as possible. They (3) ... people who live in cities to unite as a (4) ... just as they would in a traditional small village or town.

Last year I won a (1) ... in a newspaper and the prize was a holiday for two in a well-known Mediterranean resort. It turned out to be an (2) ... unpleasant experience and one which my husband and I would not like to repeat. Our room overlooked the road, which was unfortunately being widened at that time, and the noise from the machinery was deafening. The road works went on 24 hours a day and as a result we suffered several (3) ... nights. So we decided to (4) ... our stay and catch the first available flight home.

Kabuki is a traditional Japanese performing art that involves the telling of a story through song and dance. It was created in the early 1600s by a female dancer who performed in (1) ... ceremonies and (2) ... gained popularity with Japan's lower social classes. The performers wear colourful costumes and thick makeup and sing and dance to the accompaniment of a (3) ... of instruments. It's a truly (4) ... cultural experience!

Ali Baba's restaurant in central London is one of the best restaurants I've been to for a long time. It has an extensive range of Turkish dishes including plenty of choices which are (1) ... even for vegetarians. The restaurant has a very pleasant atmosphere. At weekends diners can enjoy performances by Turkish singers and dancers. We are sure that you will have an (2) ... evening if you go to Ali Baba's. You will also find it unexpectedly (3) ... . A meal for two will cost roughly £20 on condition that you stick to the house wines. But there is an excellent (4) ... of these on the wine list.

One of the most important (1) ... in the history of the motorcar was the development of the Model-T Ford in 1913, which was the first car to be produced on a large scale. The inventor of this method of production was Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company. The production line, as it came to be known, offered employment to thousands of workers. It seemed (2) ... but the company cut costs as well, making cars affordable to clients. In addition, the replacement of old work practices made cars more (3) ... , while (4) ... improvements to the interior of the car made driving a pleasure.

A (1) ... number of people feel that washing with antibacterial soaps is the (2) ... thing to do. (3) ..., their ignorance has led them to believe that these soaps are better than normal ones. However, research has shown that there is no real difference between washing with ordinary soap or soap containing antibacterial agents. It has also been proved that being too clean actually has (4) ... effects, as our bodies do not become resistant to germs (мик­ро­бы). This discovery has come as a surprise, especially to those who believe that bacteria have to be fought with every means known to man.

Britain rightly has the (1) ... of being a safe place and street crime is fortunately not common. However, it is still (2) ... for tourists to take some precautions (меры предо­сто­рож­но­сти). Pickpockets may operate in crowded areas so make sure that you keep cameras and any other valuable things in a safe place. Experts recommend that passports and tickets should preferably be kept under your clothes in a money belt, perhaps. You must, of course, be particularly (3) ... at night. Be sure to take advice from local people. If they tell you a certain area is (4) ... at night, then don't go there.

Moods are infectious  — and that's official! (1) ... have proved that you can catch joy or (2) ... like colds or flu, whether you want to or not, especially at work. They have only recently started noticing that cheerfulness is also catching. John Addison, a department store assistant, was finding his work boring and (3) ... "The previous manager was (4) ..., and it was difficult to work when he was around," he says. "Then we got someone else who is funny and who gives out a lot of energy, and I suddenly felt much warmer towards the job."

Many years ago, archaeology was about making discoveries and finding buried treasure. Now it has become a more scientific subject. Archaeologists are becoming (1) ... interested in finding out more about the lives of ordinary people rather than the dramatic lives of kings and emperors. 99% of archaeology is concerned with reading, excavating, recording, and classifying, and it is neither thrilling nor dangerous. However, the real (2) ... of archaeology comes through an (3) ... stream of new discoveries. Even the smallest piece of pottery, however (4) ... it may appear at first glance, can change our whole understanding of things that happened in the past.

Cigarette advertising is a popular topic for discussion, as an increasing number of people believe that it should be banned (за­пре­ще­но). I support this view for a (1) ... of reasons. In the first place, cigarette advertising should be stopped because an (2) ..., harmful product is being promoted. Another major reason for banning cigarette advertising is the fact that it targets young people. They become attracted to the glamorous (3) ... of smoking, which leads to them taking up the habit. The average teenager does not consider the harmful effects of smoking or the fact that Smoking is (4) ... .

It's hard to find a place to eat which satisfies the whole family. I remember my parents taking me as a child to the most (1) ... restaurant they could find. They didn't think it was worth spending a lot of money on someone who had notable manners. Today the choice of restaurants is so great, however, that total (2) ... is rare. It's difficult to explain exactly what I am looking for in a restaurant. It's certainly not (3) ... surroundings, although I must admit that I'm usually (4) ... to go into a place that looks dirty.

Resisting the (1) ... to buy is hard. Now guilty shoppers keen to get rid of (2) ... purchases have a new option  — simply give it away online. I find it (3) ... that everything advertised on Freecycle is free. The site is the creation of Deron Bcal, an (4) ... from Arizona. Bcal says his chief aim is to cut waste and help the environment reducing the amount of rubbish sent to landfill sites (свал­ка), through the promotion of giving things to people who want them.

Today, there is a wide (1) ... of holidays available for all tastes and pockets. Once considered somewhat conventional as a choice of holiday, backpacking (пеший ту­ризм) has grown dramatically in (2) ... in recent years, especially among budget-conscious travellers who are looking for a more economic way of seeing the world. However, backpacking can be dangerous for your health. Packing your bag (3) ... can lead to injuries to your neck and spine. So you should (4) ... the load by putting bigger items close to your back. Aim for no more than 30 percent of your body weight; less is always better.

There seems to be little doubt that global warming is a real phenomenon. However, as (1) ... as it may seem, scientists disagree about the causes of this (2) ... change. One explanation is the greenhouse effect. This is where pollution in the atmosphere traps the sun's rays, like a giant greenhouse. While nobody claims that releasing chemicals into the atmosphere can be (3) ..., not everyone is convinced that all the temperature change is due to industrial activity. It's an important question, because a (4) ... can only be found once we understand exactly what is causing the problem.

Although doughnuts (пи­рож­ки) are sold in many countries across the globe, many people make the mistaken assumption that doughnuts originally came from America. Some people find it (1) ... that doughnuts have a disputed history. According to one theory, they are a Dutch (2) ... . Popular in Holland, they were brought to America by Dutch (3) ... . In the traditional Dutch recipe, doughnuts were dipped in sugar. However, over time, several varieties have appeared. Today, doughnuts are served with toppings such as icing (гла­зурь) and chocolate, and often have a hole in the middle. Doughnuts not only taste far better with a hole in the middle, but this shape (4) ... the doughnut is cooked right through and not still raw in the centre.

In 1967, the use of drugs by (1) ... in the Olympics was banned. Before modern drugs became a problem, athletes had tried all sorts of ways to get an (2) ... advantage, including drinking a mixture of alcohol and raw egg before a race, hoping for an improvement in their times. Unfortunately, in 1960, a Danish athlete died after taking drugs and the (3) ... was taken to outlaw certain substances. Today, there are (4) ... chemicals that athletes are not allowed to take during training and officials randomly test athletes for evidence of these drugs.

When I was a teenager, I used to play the flute in my school orchestra. (1) ..., in much of the music that we played, the sound of the flute was needed only occasionally, which, of course, upset me. Therefore, I spent a lot of my time during the performance counting the beats. Those minutes spent reciting "one, two, three, four" while the rest of the orchestra played seemed (2) ... . But they planted in my young brain the idea that there must be a (3) ... between music and number. For me, out of the (4) ... of orchestra practice, a new passion for mathematics was born.

Where do all the old mobile phones go? The director of (1) ... affairs at Nokia says: 'We've been doing a lot of research into what would convince people to recycle their phones. The biggest obstacle (пре­пят­ствие) seems to be that people have very strong emotional bonds to their mobile phones, and so are (2) ... to part with them. One answer is turning your old mobile phone into a charitable donation. About 70% of mobiles sent for recycling still work, and these can be sold in developing countries, where they provide an (3) ... alternative to new (4) ... .'

Rising temperatures and a hotter climate? Well, if you are fortunate enough to live in a country with a (1) ... climate, it sounds great, doesn't it? But there is a dark side. This climate might bring with it mosquitoes, (2) ... of malaria. It is important to remember that malaria is not an (3) ... disease providing it is dealt with promptly. So if you should come back from the tropics feeling ill, it is (4) ... to receive medical treatment as quickly as possible.

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Computers are incredibly useful in many ways. I used to have no idea about them  — I was really (1) ... at anything technical and felt very (2) ... whenever people asked me to do anything on the computer. When I first started using them, I made a lot of mistakes and would feel very embarrassed when people referred to the latest technological (3) ... and I didn’t know what they were talking about. But now I know enough not to feel (4) ... ignorant when my friends discuss the latest gadgets.

We have been trying to organise a hobbies and crafts fair (яр­мар­ка) in my school for the last two weeks. The number of interesting activities is (1) ... but so many students are just too (2) ... to the needs of others. It makes me wonder if all teens are always so difficult to deal with. One problem concerns (3) ... as we need a number of volunteers to help us arrange the (4) ... in such a way that won’t make anyone feel left out. Some students have been making good progress in setting up a number of detached displays which give an excellent view of the variety of activities on offer.

In an era when family cars are about as (1) ... as fridges, Volkswagen has taken the most (2) ... car of all time, the ‘Beetle’, back to the (3) ... board and given it a (4) ... look.

A plant doesn’t need water unless its leaves are (1) ... drooping, but it’s important to have some (2) ... around the roots, so keep the soil damp. Don’t overfeed plants, as this results in unhealthily rapid (3) ... It will be necessary for you to re-pot your plants (4) ..., in order to give them more space; the best time to do this is when the roots begin to grow up the side of the pot.

Acting is certainly not a career for anyone who likes (1) ... Actors who are at the start of their careers, when they are still (2) ..., must go where the work is. This means they never really know the (3) ... of time they will spend in any one place. There is a lot of (4) ... in the theatre, too.

The Airport Express service has been in full operation for the past three weeks. This train service takes you from the centre of the city to the airport very (1) ... (RAPID) and at a very reasonable price. The carriages are comfortable and (2) ... (SPACE) but food and drink is (3) ... (AVAIL) because the journey is short. There is an on-board television service with informaticm-about flights and airport facilities. In (4) ... (ADD), the train has telephones for passengers to use. Many travellers are already choosing the train in preference to a long and tiring journey by car or taxi.

Stonehenge, the location of which is Salisbury Plain in England, is a prehistoric monument. Its construction took place in about 1,800 BCand is undoubtedly an amazing human (1) ... (ACHIEVE). It consists of two circles of huge stones, some of which weigh up to 50 tons. What makes Stonehenge all the more (2) ... (IMPRESS) is the fact that some of the stones (3)... (ORIGIN) came from Pembrokeshire, which is over 200 miles away. Transportation of these stones would have been carried out using manual labour, since very little (4) ... (TECHNOLOGY) advancement had taken place at the time.

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Zoos are a tradition, and a visit to a zoo is a wholesome, family activity. Modern zoos save (1) ... (DANGER) species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss and starvation. They give their animal guests much more space. The animal areas no longer look like cages, but wide open parkland. It is a much more pleasant (2) ... (SOLVE) as the animals appear to be free while they are actually in a very protected environment which is (3) ... (COMPLETE) unpolluted and they have no shortage of good nourishing food. In fact the animals seem (4) ... (AWARE) of their captivity and relaxed while living in a controlled conservation area.

Unlike popular rumours, bats are nothing to be scared of. Bats are great, indeed! Not only are they super cute, but htey help us humans out in many ways. Without bats, no one would polinate our avocados, mangoes, or bananas. Bat is the common name of this remarcable animal while Chiroptera is its (1) ... (SCIENCE) name. Bats are small, fast-moving, capable of sudden changes in direction and active at night. In (2) ... (ADD) to this, they have (3) ... (RAPID) moving wings and an (4) ... (PREDICT) way of flying. Given these (5) ... (CHARACTER), and the fact that bats often find suitable hiding places around human dwellings, it is perhaps not surprising that human fears have been transformed into superstition and myth. Centuries of myths and misinformation still generate needless fears and (6) ... (THREAT) bats and their habitats.

Му own memories of sports lessons at school aren’t particularly good, but that’s mainly because of the type of school I went to. It was very (1) ... (COMMON) by British standards, with old-fashioned ways of teaching, and the headteacher didn’t really think sports mattered at all. The school rarely organised sports events and never invested in sports equipment. There was very little emphasis on the importance of eating (2) ... (SENSE) and the benefits of keeping fit and exercising properly. I believe that issues like (3) ... (OBESE), anorexia, the nutritional value of food, etc. should be included in sports lessons at school. Children should be (4) ... (COURAGE) by teachers to take part in (5) ... (COMPETE) sports. Winning at sports can build up your self-esteem and confidence. On the other hand, since you can’t expect to win every time, sports can also teach you how to be humble and (6) ... (REALIST).

Are you tired of lying on the beach all day and baking in the sun? Are you keen on saving our planet and

meeting like-minded people? If so, then one of our eco-tourism packages is the perfect (1) ... (SOLVE) for your upcoming holidays. The waiting lists are long, so make sure your arrangements are made well in advance. Some eco-holidays are dedicated to protecting (2) ... (DANGER) species and helping them to reproduce. There are many ways to experience (3) ... (FORGET) vacations. What about caring for whales and then windsurfing in your free time? Or why net be part of a group that (4) ... (REGULAR) patrols the grounds of a Kenyan nature reserve? Whatever your choice, our organisation will ensure that you don’t experience any major (5) ... (CONVENIENCE). Combine your passion for nature and travel, and do something to support our world! With us, it’s not just a holiday; it’s a chance to take a (6) ... (RESPONSE) holiday.

The Corinthia Hotel in London is one of the most (1) ... (IMPRESS) hotels I have ever stayed at. First of all, its prime location, in the heart of London, (2) ... (ABLE) visitors to explore London on foot and to visit the many (3) ... (ATTRACT) of the metropolis. The rooms are beautifully furnished and very comfortable. The most luxurious accommodation of all is the penthouse suite, which has a spectacular view of central London and its surroundings. Guests also have a (4) ... (VARY) of restaurants and bars to choose from. The friendly atmosphere and the service ensured that my stay was (5) ... (ENJOY) and I would (6) ... (DEFINITE) go back there again.

Unlike popular rumours, bats are nothing to be scared of. Bats are great, indeed! Not only are they super cute, but htey help us humans out in many ways. Without bats, no one would polinate our avocados, mangoes, or bananas. Bat is the common name of this remarcable animal while Chiroptera is its (1) ... (SCIENCE) name. Bats are small, fast-moving, capable of sudden changes in direction and active at night. In (2) ... (ADD) to this, they have (3) ... (RAPID) moving wings and an (4) ... (PREDICT) way of flying. Given these (5) ... (CHARACTER), and the fact that bats often find suitable hiding places around human dwellings, it is perhaps not surprising that human fears have been transformed into superstition and myth. Centuries of myths and misinformation still generate needless fears and (6) ... (THREAT) bats and their habitats.

Му own memories of sports lessons at school aren’t particularly good, but that’s mainly because of the type of school I went to. It was very (1) ... (COMMON) by British standards, with old-fashioned ways of teaching, and the headteacher didn’t really think sports mattered at all. The school rarely organised sports events and never invested in sports equipment. There was very little emphasis on the importance of eating (2) ... (SENSE) and the benefits of keeping fit and exercising properly. I believe that issues like (3) ... (OBESE), anorexia, the nutritional value of food, etc. should be included in sports lessons at school. Children should be (4) ... (COURAGE) by teachers to take part in (5) ... (COMPETE) sports. Winning at sports can build up your self-esteem and confidence. On the other hand, since you can’t expect to win every time, sports can also teach you how to be humble and (6) ... (REALIST).

Are you tired of lying on the beach all day and baking in the sun? Are you keen on saving our planet and

meeting like-minded people? If so, then one of our eco-tourism packages is the perfect (1) ... (SOLVE) for your upcoming holidays. The waiting lists are long, so make sure your arrangements are made well in advance. Some eco-holidays are dedicated to protecting (2) ... (DANGER) species and helping them to reproduce. There are many ways to experience (3) ... (FORGET) vacations. What about caring for whales and then windsurfing in your free time? Or why net be part of a group that (4) ... (REGULAR) patrols the grounds of a Kenyan nature reserve? Whatever your choice, our organisation will ensure that you don’t experience any major (5) ... (CONVENIENCE). Combine your passion for nature and travel, and do something to support our world! With us, it’s not just a holiday; it’s a chance to take a (6) ... (RESPONSE) holiday.

The Corinthia Hotel in London is one of the most (1) ... (IMPRESS) hotels I have ever stayed at. First of all, its prime location, in the heart of London, (2) ... (ABLE) visitors to explore London on foot and to visit the many (3) ... (ATTRACT) of the metropolis. The rooms are beautifully furnished and very comfortable. The most luxurious accommodation of all is the penthouse suite, which has a spectacular view of central London and its surroundings. Guests also have a (4) ... (VARY) of restaurants and bars to choose from. The friendly atmosphere and the service ensured that my stay was (5) ... (ENJOY) and I would (6) ... (DEFINITE) go back there again.

The best way to keep well is to avoid (1) ... foods and habits. It is also helpful to take plenty of exercise, and we should give (2) ... to people of all ages to do this, particularly the very young. If we can educate people at an early age to keep fit and to look after themselves carefully, then the (3) ... of their having problems in later life will be (4) ... reduced.

Thomas Edison knew his new invention, the lightbulb, would be revolutionary, but it's (1) ... that he realised quite how much the introduction of (2) ... would affect the kitchen. The modern kitchen is overflowing with electrical appliances. For a busy parent whose kids are hungry, the simplest (3) ... these days is to take some frozen food out of the freezer and pop it in the microwave. It's been particularly (4) ... for women - no longer do they have to stay all day chained to the cooker and the kitchen sink.

The days when people would go to a zoo for (1) ... are long gone. Today's zoos play a role in the protection of threatened species. The way animals are treated in a zoo has changed, too. Many intelligent animals suffer from (2) ... in captivity and their keepers now try to improve the (3) ... state of animals in their care. They do this, for example, by providing the animals with a variety of different food or by changing the animals' daily routine. Although some critics of zoos remain (4) ..., there can be no doubt that animals in Zoos today enjoy a more comfortable existence than in the past.

When you have accepted our offer of (1) ... you will be given a uniform which you have to wear while on duty. Our uniform has been designed after detailed (2) ... with members of staff and reflects the quality and style of our business. It helps to form the customers' first impression of us. Please note that male staff are not permitted to wear jewellery of any kind and female staff must not wear rings or earrings which are (3) ... in shape or design. Wristwatches must be (4) ... in size and appearance.

York is (1) ... one of the most interesting cities in Britain. It is a very well-preserved walled city which has seen over 2,000 years of eventful history. However, York is also a modern city with an excellent shopping centre and plenty of clubs and other places of (2) ... for those who like to stay out late. Any visit to York would be (3) ... without going to the Minster, York's Cathedral, a wonderful example of Gothic architecture on the grand scale. The Minster supposedly took 250 years to finish. One of its most impressive sights is the stained glass Rose Window, which looks particulary magnificent on a fine, (4) ... day.

Summer is in the air and it's only natural for people to feel good and (1) ... about going on holiday. Everyone needs to relax and get away, so they try to use their (2) ... leave in the best possible way. Needless to say, getting away and escaping from your routine reduces stress. Any (3) ... will tell you of the benefits a holiday offers. So, even if you have to (4) ... your belt in order to afford a holiday, do it. In the end, it's worth it!

Since its invention in the late 1950s, the skateboard has become a standard item of sports equipment for teenage boys. By the early 1970s, bicycle manufacturers started producing quality skateboards which broke less (1) ... and had more (2) ... wheels that would not come off and cause injury. The (3) ... of the sport declined in the 1980s when some critics argued it was still too risky and (4) ... . However, skateboarding has made a comeback and is likely to remain a symbol of youthful energy for many years.

The number one gadget for most teenagers today is the mobile phone. They seem to get enormous (1) ... from comparing new models which (2) ... them to send text messages at the speed of life. But most teachers are totally intolerable of mobile phone use in the classroom. Text messaging is completely banned and mobiles should be (3) ... switched off. This approach gets across the message that students need to concentrate. However, it shows that many schools misunderstand the full capability of the mobile phone. After all, a mobile phone is just like a mini computer, with full access to the web. There are many (4) ... ways in which mobiles can be used for learning.

Las Vegas is known as the marriage capital of the world. The process of obtaining a marriage licence can be completed within minutes in Las Vegas while it often takes several weeks and involves lots of paperwork in other parts of the world. It is also (1) ... cheap at just $60. There are a lot of (2) ... to choose from. The competition between different venues keeps the prices relatively low and (3) ... . This has made Las Vegas a popular destination among couples wanting to get married. The fact that it is (4) ... to plan in advance means there are plenty of spontaneous weddings in Las Vegas each year of couples on holiday.

Most people agree that the Oscars are the biggest film awards in the world. They are the most (1) ... awards anyone in the film business can win. They are called the Oscars after the golden statue which is given out to the winners. Why the statue is named Oscar remains (2) ... . Oscars are of great importance because winning one can really help a film to be successful or an actor to achieve (3) ... . As a result, an actor often gets offered lots more work and better films once he/she has won an award, as people take him/her more (4) ... .

Chameleons, a (1) ... of tree-living lizard, are found in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Arabia and Southern Europe. They are unusual in their appearance with their bulging eyes, which move (2) ..., and their long curled tail, which can be twisted around branches to increase their grip. The chameleon's eyesight is exceptional for a reptile; its 360-degree vision makes it highly (3) ... at hunting prey and spotting predators (хищ­ник). Today, many chameleon species are (4) ... because of pollution and the destruction of their natural habitat.

The New Zealanders Dwayne van der Sluis and Andrew Akers must be the happiest people on Earth now that their (1) ... and latest craze, zorbing, has become a success. Zorbing involves standing in a ball  — or zorb  — which consists of specially hardened plastic. The zorb is rolled down a hill, speeding at about 50 kilometres an hour. It may sound like quite a (2) ... pastime, but the 70 centimetres of air between you and the ground make it (3) ... to get hurt. That's why zorbing didn't take long to gain in (4) ... .

The street party is a popular form of celebration in Britain. Whole streets come together to mark such important national occasions as a new millennium. (1) ... , it is impossible to hold a party in a busy street, so traffic is banned. This may annoy motorists but it is (2) ... Street parties need the involvement of as many people as possible. They (3) ... people who live in cities to unite as a (4) ... just as they would in a traditional small village or town.

Last year I won a (1) ... in a newspaper and the prize was a holiday for two in a well-known Mediterranean resort. It turned out to be an (2) ... unpleasant experience and one which my husband and I would not like to repeat. Our room overlooked the road, which was unfortunately being widened at that time, and the noise from the machinery was deafening. The road works went on 24 hours a day and as a result we suffered several (3) ... nights. So we decided to (4) ... our stay and catch the first available flight home.

Kabuki is a traditional Japanese performing art that involves the telling of a story through song and dance. It was created in the early 1600s by a female dancer who performed in (1) ... ceremonies and (2) ... gained popularity with Japan's lower social classes. The performers wear colourful costumes and thick makeup and sing and dance to the accompaniment of a (3) ... of instruments. It's a truly (4) ... cultural experience!

Ali Baba's restaurant in central London is one of the best restaurants I've been to for a long time. It has an extensive range of Turkish dishes including plenty of choices which are (1) ... even for vegetarians. The restaurant has a very pleasant atmosphere. At weekends diners can enjoy performances by Turkish singers and dancers. We are sure that you will have an (2) ... evening if you go to Ali Baba's. You will also find it unexpectedly (3) ... . A meal for two will cost roughly £20 on condition that you stick to the house wines. But there is an excellent (4) ... of these on the wine list.

One of the most important (1) ... in the history of the motorcar was the development of the Model-T Ford in 1913, which was the first car to be produced on a large scale. The inventor of this method of production was Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company. The production line, as it came to be known, offered employment to thousands of workers. It seemed (2) ... but the company cut costs as well, making cars affordable to clients. In addition, the replacement of old work practices made cars more (3) ... , while (4) ... improvements to the interior of the car made driving a pleasure.

A (1) ... number of people feel that washing with antibacterial soaps is the (2) ... thing to do. (3) ..., their ignorance has led them to believe that these soaps are better than normal ones. However, research has shown that there is no real difference between washing with ordinary soap or soap containing antibacterial agents. It has also been proved that being too clean actually has (4) ... effects, as our bodies do not become resistant to germs (мик­ро­бы). This discovery has come as a surprise, especially to those who believe that bacteria have to be fought with every means known to man.

Britain rightly has the (1) ... of being a safe place and street crime is fortunately not common. However, it is still (2) ... for tourists to take some precautions (меры предо­сто­рож­но­сти). Pickpockets may operate in crowded areas so make sure that you keep cameras and any other valuable things in a safe place. Experts recommend that passports and tickets should preferably be kept under your clothes in a money belt, perhaps. You must, of course, be particularly (3) ... at night. Be sure to take advice from local people. If they tell you a certain area is (4) ... at night, then don't go there.

Moods are infectious  — and that's official! (1) ... have proved that you can catch joy or (2) ... like colds or flu, whether you want to or not, especially at work. They have only recently started noticing that cheerfulness is also catching. John Addison, a department store assistant, was finding his work boring and (3) ... "The previous manager was (4) ..., and it was difficult to work when he was around," he says. "Then we got someone else who is funny and who gives out a lot of energy, and I suddenly felt much warmer towards the job."

Many years ago, archaeology was about making discoveries and finding buried treasure. Now it has become a more scientific subject. Archaeologists are becoming (1) ... interested in finding out more about the lives of ordinary people rather than the dramatic lives of kings and emperors. 99% of archaeology is concerned with reading, excavating, recording, and classifying, and it is neither thrilling nor dangerous. However, the real (2) ... of archaeology comes through an (3) ... stream of new discoveries. Even the smallest piece of pottery, however (4) ... it may appear at first glance, can change our whole understanding of things that happened in the past.

Cigarette advertising is a popular topic for discussion, as an increasing number of people believe that it should be banned (за­пре­ще­но). I support this view for a (1) ... of reasons. In the first place, cigarette advertising should be stopped because an (2) ..., harmful product is being promoted. Another major reason for banning cigarette advertising is the fact that it targets young people. They become attracted to the glamorous (3) ... of smoking, which leads to them taking up the habit. The average teenager does not consider the harmful effects of smoking or the fact that Smoking is (4) ... .

It's hard to find a place to eat which satisfies the whole family. I remember my parents taking me as a child to the most (1) ... restaurant they could find. They didn't think it was worth spending a lot of money on someone who had notable manners. Today the choice of restaurants is so great, however, that total (2) ... is rare. It's difficult to explain exactly what I am looking for in a restaurant. It's certainly not (3) ... surroundings, although I must admit that I'm usually (4) ... to go into a place that looks dirty.

Resisting the (1) ... to buy is hard. Now guilty shoppers keen to get rid of (2) ... purchases have a new option  — simply give it away online. I find it (3) ... that everything advertised on Freecycle is free. The site is the creation of Deron Bcal, an (4) ... from Arizona. Bcal says his chief aim is to cut waste and help the environment reducing the amount of rubbish sent to landfill sites (свал­ка), through the promotion of giving things to people who want them.

Today, there is a wide (1) ... of holidays available for all tastes and pockets. Once considered somewhat conventional as a choice of holiday, backpacking (пеший ту­ризм) has grown dramatically in (2) ... in recent years, especially among budget-conscious travellers who are looking for a more economic way of seeing the world. However, backpacking can be dangerous for your health. Packing your bag (3) ... can lead to injuries to your neck and spine. So you should (4) ... the load by putting bigger items close to your back. Aim for no more than 30 percent of your body weight; less is always better.

There seems to be little doubt that global warming is a real phenomenon. However, as (1) ... as it may seem, scientists disagree about the causes of this (2) ... change. One explanation is the greenhouse effect. This is where pollution in the atmosphere traps the sun's rays, like a giant greenhouse. While nobody claims that releasing chemicals into the atmosphere can be (3) ..., not everyone is convinced that all the temperature change is due to industrial activity. It's an important question, because a (4) ... can only be found once we understand exactly what is causing the problem.

Although doughnuts (пи­рож­ки) are sold in many countries across the globe, many people make the mistaken assumption that doughnuts originally came from America. Some people find it (1) ... that doughnuts have a disputed history. According to one theory, they are a Dutch (2) ... . Popular in Holland, they were brought to America by Dutch (3) ... . In the traditional Dutch recipe, doughnuts were dipped in sugar. However, over time, several varieties have appeared. Today, doughnuts are served with toppings such as icing (гла­зурь) and chocolate, and often have a hole in the middle. Doughnuts not only taste far better with a hole in the middle, but this shape (4) ... the doughnut is cooked right through and not still raw in the centre.

In 1967, the use of drugs by (1) ... in the Olympics was banned. Before modern drugs became a problem, athletes had tried all sorts of ways to get an (2) ... advantage, including drinking a mixture of alcohol and raw egg before a race, hoping for an improvement in their times. Unfortunately, in 1960, a Danish athlete died after taking drugs and the (3) ... was taken to outlaw certain substances. Today, there are (4) ... chemicals that athletes are not allowed to take during training and officials randomly test athletes for evidence of these drugs.

When I was a teenager, I used to play the flute in my school orchestra. (1) ..., in much of the music that we played, the sound of the flute was needed only occasionally, which, of course, upset me. Therefore, I spent a lot of my time during the performance counting the beats. Those minutes spent reciting "one, two, three, four" while the rest of the orchestra played seemed (2) ... . But they planted in my young brain the idea that there must be a (3) ... between music and number. For me, out of the (4) ... of orchestra practice, a new passion for mathematics was born.

Where do all the old mobile phones go? The director of (1) ... affairs at Nokia says: 'We've been doing a lot of research into what would convince people to recycle their phones. The biggest obstacle (пре­пят­ствие) seems to be that people have very strong emotional bonds to their mobile phones, and so are (2) ... to part with them. One answer is turning your old mobile phone into a charitable donation. About 70% of mobiles sent for recycling still work, and these can be sold in developing countries, where they provide an (3) ... alternative to new (4) ... .'

Rising temperatures and a hotter climate? Well, if you are fortunate enough to live in a country with a (1) ... climate, it sounds great, doesn't it? But there is a dark side. This climate might bring with it mosquitoes, (2) ... of malaria. It is important to remember that malaria is not an (3) ... disease providing it is dealt with promptly. So if you should come back from the tropics feeling ill, it is (4) ... to receive medical treatment as quickly as possible.

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Computers are incredibly useful in many ways. I used to have no idea about them  — I was really (1) ... at anything technical and felt very (2) ... whenever people asked me to do anything on the computer. When I first started using them, I made a lot of mistakes and would feel very embarrassed when people referred to the latest technological (3) ... and I didn’t know what they were talking about. But now I know enough not to feel (4) ... ignorant when my friends discuss the latest gadgets.

We have been trying to organise a hobbies and crafts fair (яр­мар­ка) in my school for the last two weeks. The number of interesting activities is (1) ... but so many students are just too (2) ... to the needs of others. It makes me wonder if all teens are always so difficult to deal with. One problem concerns (3) ... as we need a number of volunteers to help us arrange the (4) ... in such a way that won’t make anyone feel left out. Some students have been making good progress in setting up a number of detached displays which give an excellent view of the variety of activities on offer.

In an era when family cars are about as (1) ... as fridges, Volkswagen has taken the most (2) ... car of all time, the ‘Beetle’, back to the (3) ... board and given it a (4) ... look.

A plant doesn’t need water unless its leaves are (1) ... drooping, but it’s important to have some (2) ... around the roots, so keep the soil damp. Don’t overfeed plants, as this results in unhealthily rapid (3) ... It will be necessary for you to re-pot your plants (4) ..., in order to give them more space; the best time to do this is when the roots begin to grow up the side of the pot.

Acting is certainly not a career for anyone who likes (1) ... Actors who are at the start of their careers, when they are still (2) ..., must go where the work is. This means they never really know the (3) ... of time they will spend in any one place. There is a lot of (4) ... in the theatre, too.

The Airport Express service has been in full operation for the past three weeks. This train service takes you from the centre of the city to the airport very (1) ... (RAPID) and at a very reasonable price. The carriages are comfortable and (2) ... (SPACE) but food and drink is (3) ... (AVAIL) because the journey is short. There is an on-board television service with informaticm-about flights and airport facilities. In (4) ... (ADD), the train has telephones for passengers to use. Many travellers are already choosing the train in preference to a long and tiring journey by car or taxi.

Stonehenge, the location of which is Salisbury Plain in England, is a prehistoric monument. Its construction took place in about 1,800 BCand is undoubtedly an amazing human (1) ... (ACHIEVE). It consists of two circles of huge stones, some of which weigh up to 50 tons. What makes Stonehenge all the more (2) ... (IMPRESS) is the fact that some of the stones (3)... (ORIGIN) came from Pembrokeshire, which is over 200 miles away. Transportation of these stones would have been carried out using manual labour, since very little (4) ... (TECHNOLOGY) advancement had taken place at the time.

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Zoos are a tradition, and a visit to a zoo is a wholesome, family activity. Modern zoos save (1) ... (DANGER) species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss and starvation. They give their animal guests much more space. The animal areas no longer look like cages, but wide open parkland. It is a much more pleasant (2) ... (SOLVE) as the animals appear to be free while they are actually in a very protected environment which is (3) ... (COMPLETE) unpolluted and they have no shortage of good nourishing food. In fact the animals seem (4) ... (AWARE) of their captivity and relaxed while living in a controlled conservation area.

Unlike popular rumours, bats are nothing to be scared of. Bats are great, indeed! Not only are they super cute, but htey help us humans out in many ways. Without bats, no one would polinate our avocados, mangoes, or bananas. Bat is the common name of this remarcable animal while Chiroptera is its (1) ... (SCIENCE) name. Bats are small, fast-moving, capable of sudden changes in direction and active at night. In (2) ... (ADD) to this, they have (3) ... (RAPID) moving wings and an (4) ... (PREDICT) way of flying. Given these (5) ... (CHARACTER), and the fact that bats often find suitable hiding places around human dwellings, it is perhaps not surprising that human fears have been transformed into superstition and myth. Centuries of myths and misinformation still generate needless fears and (6) ... (THREAT) bats and their habitats.

Му own memories of sports lessons at school aren’t particularly good, but that’s mainly because of the type of school I went to. It was very (1) ... (COMMON) by British standards, with old-fashioned ways of teaching, and the headteacher didn’t really think sports mattered at all. The school rarely organised sports events and never invested in sports equipment. There was very little emphasis on the importance of eating (2) ... (SENSE) and the benefits of keeping fit and exercising properly. I believe that issues like (3) ... (OBESE), anorexia, the nutritional value of food, etc. should be included in sports lessons at school. Children should be (4) ... (COURAGE) by teachers to take part in (5) ... (COMPETE) sports. Winning at sports can build up your self-esteem and confidence. On the other hand, since you can’t expect to win every time, sports can also teach you how to be humble and (6) ... (REALIST).

Are you tired of lying on the beach all day and baking in the sun? Are you keen on saving our planet and

meeting like-minded people? If so, then one of our eco-tourism packages is the perfect (1) ... (SOLVE) for your upcoming holidays. The waiting lists are long, so make sure your arrangements are made well in advance. Some eco-holidays are dedicated to protecting (2) ... (DANGER) species and helping them to reproduce. There are many ways to experience (3) ... (FORGET) vacations. What about caring for whales and then windsurfing in your free time? Or why net be part of a group that (4) ... (REGULAR) patrols the grounds of a Kenyan nature reserve? Whatever your choice, our organisation will ensure that you don’t experience any major (5) ... (CONVENIENCE). Combine your passion for nature and travel, and do something to support our world! With us, it’s not just a holiday; it’s a chance to take a (6) ... (RESPONSE) holiday.

The Corinthia Hotel in London is one of the most (1) ... (IMPRESS) hotels I have ever stayed at. First of all, its prime location, in the heart of London, (2) ... (ABLE) visitors to explore London on foot and to visit the many (3) ... (ATTRACT) of the metropolis. The rooms are beautifully furnished and very comfortable. The most luxurious accommodation of all is the penthouse suite, which has a spectacular view of central London and its surroundings. Guests also have a (4) ... (VARY) of restaurants and bars to choose from. The friendly atmosphere and the service ensured that my stay was (5) ... (ENJOY) and I would (6) ... (DEFINITE) go back there again.

The best way to keep well is to avoid (1) ... foods and habits. It is also helpful to take plenty of exercise, and we should give (2) ... to people of all ages to do this, particularly the very young. If we can educate people at an early age to keep fit and to look after themselves carefully, then the (3) ... of their having problems in later life will be (4) ... reduced.

Thomas Edison knew his new invention, the lightbulb, would be revolutionary, but it's (1) ... that he realised quite how much the introduction of (2) ... would affect the kitchen. The modern kitchen is overflowing with electrical appliances. For a busy parent whose kids are hungry, the simplest (3) ... these days is to take some frozen food out of the freezer and pop it in the microwave. It's been particularly (4) ... for women - no longer do they have to stay all day chained to the cooker and the kitchen sink.

The days when people would go to a zoo for (1) ... are long gone. Today's zoos play a role in the protection of threatened species. The way animals are treated in a zoo has changed, too. Many intelligent animals suffer from (2) ... in captivity and their keepers now try to improve the (3) ... state of animals in their care. They do this, for example, by providing the animals with a variety of different food or by changing the animals' daily routine. Although some critics of zoos remain (4) ..., there can be no doubt that animals in Zoos today enjoy a more comfortable existence than in the past.

When you have accepted our offer of (1) ... you will be given a uniform which you have to wear while on duty. Our uniform has been designed after detailed (2) ... with members of staff and reflects the quality and style of our business. It helps to form the customers' first impression of us. Please note that male staff are not permitted to wear jewellery of any kind and female staff must not wear rings or earrings which are (3) ... in shape or design. Wristwatches must be (4) ... in size and appearance.

York is (1) ... one of the most interesting cities in Britain. It is a very well-preserved walled city which has seen over 2,000 years of eventful history. However, York is also a modern city with an excellent shopping centre and plenty of clubs and other places of (2) ... for those who like to stay out late. Any visit to York would be (3) ... without going to the Minster, York's Cathedral, a wonderful example of Gothic architecture on the grand scale. The Minster supposedly took 250 years to finish. One of its most impressive sights is the stained glass Rose Window, which looks particulary magnificent on a fine, (4) ... day.

Summer is in the air and it's only natural for people to feel good and (1) ... about going on holiday. Everyone needs to relax and get away, so they try to use their (2) ... leave in the best possible way. Needless to say, getting away and escaping from your routine reduces stress. Any (3) ... will tell you of the benefits a holiday offers. So, even if you have to (4) ... your belt in order to afford a holiday, do it. In the end, it's worth it!

Since its invention in the late 1950s, the skateboard has become a standard item of sports equipment for teenage boys. By the early 1970s, bicycle manufacturers started producing quality skateboards which broke less (1) ... and had more (2) ... wheels that would not come off and cause injury. The (3) ... of the sport declined in the 1980s when some critics argued it was still too risky and (4) ... . However, skateboarding has made a comeback and is likely to remain a symbol of youthful energy for many years.

The number one gadget for most teenagers today is the mobile phone. They seem to get enormous (1) ... from comparing new models which (2) ... them to send text messages at the speed of life. But most teachers are totally intolerable of mobile phone use in the classroom. Text messaging is completely banned and mobiles should be (3) ... switched off. This approach gets across the message that students need to concentrate. However, it shows that many schools misunderstand the full capability of the mobile phone. After all, a mobile phone is just like a mini computer, with full access to the web. There are many (4) ... ways in which mobiles can be used for learning.

Las Vegas is known as the marriage capital of the world. The process of obtaining a marriage licence can be completed within minutes in Las Vegas while it often takes several weeks and involves lots of paperwork in other parts of the world. It is also (1) ... cheap at just $60. There are a lot of (2) ... to choose from. The competition between different venues keeps the prices relatively low and (3) ... . This has made Las Vegas a popular destination among couples wanting to get married. The fact that it is (4) ... to plan in advance means there are plenty of spontaneous weddings in Las Vegas each year of couples on holiday.

Most people agree that the Oscars are the biggest film awards in the world. They are the most (1) ... awards anyone in the film business can win. They are called the Oscars after the golden statue which is given out to the winners. Why the statue is named Oscar remains (2) ... . Oscars are of great importance because winning one can really help a film to be successful or an actor to achieve (3) ... . As a result, an actor often gets offered lots more work and better films once he/she has won an award, as people take him/her more (4) ... .

Chameleons, a (1) ... of tree-living lizard, are found in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Arabia and Southern Europe. They are unusual in their appearance with their bulging eyes, which move (2) ..., and their long curled tail, which can be twisted around branches to increase their grip. The chameleon's eyesight is exceptional for a reptile; its 360-degree vision makes it highly (3) ... at hunting prey and spotting predators (хищ­ник). Today, many chameleon species are (4) ... because of pollution and the destruction of their natural habitat.

The New Zealanders Dwayne van der Sluis and Andrew Akers must be the happiest people on Earth now that their (1) ... and latest craze, zorbing, has become a success. Zorbing involves standing in a ball  — or zorb  — which consists of specially hardened plastic. The zorb is rolled down a hill, speeding at about 50 kilometres an hour. It may sound like quite a (2) ... pastime, but the 70 centimetres of air between you and the ground make it (3) ... to get hurt. That's why zorbing didn't take long to gain in (4) ... .

The street party is a popular form of celebration in Britain. Whole streets come together to mark such important national occasions as a new millennium. (1) ... , it is impossible to hold a party in a busy street, so traffic is banned. This may annoy motorists but it is (2) ... Street parties need the involvement of as many people as possible. They (3) ... people who live in cities to unite as a (4) ... just as they would in a traditional small village or town.

Last year I won a (1) ... in a newspaper and the prize was a holiday for two in a well-known Mediterranean resort. It turned out to be an (2) ... unpleasant experience and one which my husband and I would not like to repeat. Our room overlooked the road, which was unfortunately being widened at that time, and the noise from the machinery was deafening. The road works went on 24 hours a day and as a result we suffered several (3) ... nights. So we decided to (4) ... our stay and catch the first available flight home.

Kabuki is a traditional Japanese performing art that involves the telling of a story through song and dance. It was created in the early 1600s by a female dancer who performed in (1) ... ceremonies and (2) ... gained popularity with Japan's lower social classes. The performers wear colourful costumes and thick makeup and sing and dance to the accompaniment of a (3) ... of instruments. It's a truly (4) ... cultural experience!

Ali Baba's restaurant in central London is one of the best restaurants I've been to for a long time. It has an extensive range of Turkish dishes including plenty of choices which are (1) ... even for vegetarians. The restaurant has a very pleasant atmosphere. At weekends diners can enjoy performances by Turkish singers and dancers. We are sure that you will have an (2) ... evening if you go to Ali Baba's. You will also find it unexpectedly (3) ... . A meal for two will cost roughly £20 on condition that you stick to the house wines. But there is an excellent (4) ... of these on the wine list.

One of the most important (1) ... in the history of the motorcar was the development of the Model-T Ford in 1913, which was the first car to be produced on a large scale. The inventor of this method of production was Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company. The production line, as it came to be known, offered employment to thousands of workers. It seemed (2) ... but the company cut costs as well, making cars affordable to clients. In addition, the replacement of old work practices made cars more (3) ... , while (4) ... improvements to the interior of the car made driving a pleasure.

A (1) ... number of people feel that washing with antibacterial soaps is the (2) ... thing to do. (3) ..., their ignorance has led them to believe that these soaps are better than normal ones. However, research has shown that there is no real difference between washing with ordinary soap or soap containing antibacterial agents. It has also been proved that being too clean actually has (4) ... effects, as our bodies do not become resistant to germs (мик­ро­бы). This discovery has come as a surprise, especially to those who believe that bacteria have to be fought with every means known to man.

Britain rightly has the (1) ... of being a safe place and street crime is fortunately not common. However, it is still (2) ... for tourists to take some precautions (меры предо­сто­рож­но­сти). Pickpockets may operate in crowded areas so make sure that you keep cameras and any other valuable things in a safe place. Experts recommend that passports and tickets should preferably be kept under your clothes in a money belt, perhaps. You must, of course, be particularly (3) ... at night. Be sure to take advice from local people. If they tell you a certain area is (4) ... at night, then don't go there.

Moods are infectious  — and that's official! (1) ... have proved that you can catch joy or (2) ... like colds or flu, whether you want to or not, especially at work. They have only recently started noticing that cheerfulness is also catching. John Addison, a department store assistant, was finding his work boring and (3) ... "The previous manager was (4) ..., and it was difficult to work when he was around," he says. "Then we got someone else who is funny and who gives out a lot of energy, and I suddenly felt much warmer towards the job."

Many years ago, archaeology was about making discoveries and finding buried treasure. Now it has become a more scientific subject. Archaeologists are becoming (1) ... interested in finding out more about the lives of ordinary people rather than the dramatic lives of kings and emperors. 99% of archaeology is concerned with reading, excavating, recording, and classifying, and it is neither thrilling nor dangerous. However, the real (2) ... of archaeology comes through an (3) ... stream of new discoveries. Even the smallest piece of pottery, however (4) ... it may appear at first glance, can change our whole understanding of things that happened in the past.

Cigarette advertising is a popular topic for discussion, as an increasing number of people believe that it should be banned (за­пре­ще­но). I support this view for a (1) ... of reasons. In the first place, cigarette advertising should be stopped because an (2) ..., harmful product is being promoted. Another major reason for banning cigarette advertising is the fact that it targets young people. They become attracted to the glamorous (3) ... of smoking, which leads to them taking up the habit. The average teenager does not consider the harmful effects of smoking or the fact that Smoking is (4) ... .

It's hard to find a place to eat which satisfies the whole family. I remember my parents taking me as a child to the most (1) ... restaurant they could find. They didn't think it was worth spending a lot of money on someone who had notable manners. Today the choice of restaurants is so great, however, that total (2) ... is rare. It's difficult to explain exactly what I am looking for in a restaurant. It's certainly not (3) ... surroundings, although I must admit that I'm usually (4) ... to go into a place that looks dirty.

Resisting the (1) ... to buy is hard. Now guilty shoppers keen to get rid of (2) ... purchases have a new option  — simply give it away online. I find it (3) ... that everything advertised on Freecycle is free. The site is the creation of Deron Bcal, an (4) ... from Arizona. Bcal says his chief aim is to cut waste and help the environment reducing the amount of rubbish sent to landfill sites (свал­ка), through the promotion of giving things to people who want them.

Today, there is a wide (1) ... of holidays available for all tastes and pockets. Once considered somewhat conventional as a choice of holiday, backpacking (пеший ту­ризм) has grown dramatically in (2) ... in recent years, especially among budget-conscious travellers who are looking for a more economic way of seeing the world. However, backpacking can be dangerous for your health. Packing your bag (3) ... can lead to injuries to your neck and spine. So you should (4) ... the load by putting bigger items close to your back. Aim for no more than 30 percent of your body weight; less is always better.

There seems to be little doubt that global warming is a real phenomenon. However, as (1) ... as it may seem, scientists disagree about the causes of this (2) ... change. One explanation is the greenhouse effect. This is where pollution in the atmosphere traps the sun's rays, like a giant greenhouse. While nobody claims that releasing chemicals into the atmosphere can be (3) ..., not everyone is convinced that all the temperature change is due to industrial activity. It's an important question, because a (4) ... can only be found once we understand exactly what is causing the problem.

Although doughnuts (пи­рож­ки) are sold in many countries across the globe, many people make the mistaken assumption that doughnuts originally came from America. Some people find it (1) ... that doughnuts have a disputed history. According to one theory, they are a Dutch (2) ... . Popular in Holland, they were brought to America by Dutch (3) ... . In the traditional Dutch recipe, doughnuts were dipped in sugar. However, over time, several varieties have appeared. Today, doughnuts are served with toppings such as icing (гла­зурь) and chocolate, and often have a hole in the middle. Doughnuts not only taste far better with a hole in the middle, but this shape (4) ... the doughnut is cooked right through and not still raw in the centre.

In 1967, the use of drugs by (1) ... in the Olympics was banned. Before modern drugs became a problem, athletes had tried all sorts of ways to get an (2) ... advantage, including drinking a mixture of alcohol and raw egg before a race, hoping for an improvement in their times. Unfortunately, in 1960, a Danish athlete died after taking drugs and the (3) ... was taken to outlaw certain substances. Today, there are (4) ... chemicals that athletes are not allowed to take during training and officials randomly test athletes for evidence of these drugs.

When I was a teenager, I used to play the flute in my school orchestra. (1) ..., in much of the music that we played, the sound of the flute was needed only occasionally, which, of course, upset me. Therefore, I spent a lot of my time during the performance counting the beats. Those minutes spent reciting "one, two, three, four" while the rest of the orchestra played seemed (2) ... . But they planted in my young brain the idea that there must be a (3) ... between music and number. For me, out of the (4) ... of orchestra practice, a new passion for mathematics was born.

Where do all the old mobile phones go? The director of (1) ... affairs at Nokia says: 'We've been doing a lot of research into what would convince people to recycle their phones. The biggest obstacle (пре­пят­ствие) seems to be that people have very strong emotional bonds to their mobile phones, and so are (2) ... to part with them. One answer is turning your old mobile phone into a charitable donation. About 70% of mobiles sent for recycling still work, and these can be sold in developing countries, where they provide an (3) ... alternative to new (4) ... .'

Rising temperatures and a hotter climate? Well, if you are fortunate enough to live in a country with a (1) ... climate, it sounds great, doesn't it? But there is a dark side. This climate might bring with it mosquitoes, (2) ... of malaria. It is important to remember that malaria is not an (3) ... disease providing it is dealt with promptly. So if you should come back from the tropics feeling ill, it is (4) ... to receive medical treatment as quickly as possible.

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Computers are incredibly useful in many ways. I used to have no idea about them  — I was really (1) ... at anything technical and felt very (2) ... whenever people asked me to do anything on the computer. When I first started using them, I made a lot of mistakes and would feel very embarrassed when people referred to the latest technological (3) ... and I didn’t know what they were talking about. But now I know enough not to feel (4) ... ignorant when my friends discuss the latest gadgets.

We have been trying to organise a hobbies and crafts fair (яр­мар­ка) in my school for the last two weeks. The number of interesting activities is (1) ... but so many students are just too (2) ... to the needs of others. It makes me wonder if all teens are always so difficult to deal with. One problem concerns (3) ... as we need a number of volunteers to help us arrange the (4) ... in such a way that won’t make anyone feel left out. Some students have been making good progress in setting up a number of detached displays which give an excellent view of the variety of activities on offer.

In an era when family cars are about as (1) ... as fridges, Volkswagen has taken the most (2) ... car of all time, the ‘Beetle’, back to the (3) ... board and given it a (4) ... look.

A plant doesn’t need water unless its leaves are (1) ... drooping, but it’s important to have some (2) ... around the roots, so keep the soil damp. Don’t overfeed plants, as this results in unhealthily rapid (3) ... It will be necessary for you to re-pot your plants (4) ..., in order to give them more space; the best time to do this is when the roots begin to grow up the side of the pot.

Acting is certainly not a career for anyone who likes (1) ... Actors who are at the start of their careers, when they are still (2) ..., must go where the work is. This means they never really know the (3) ... of time they will spend in any one place. There is a lot of (4) ... in the theatre, too.

The Airport Express service has been in full operation for the past three weeks. This train service takes you from the centre of the city to the airport very (1) ... (RAPID) and at a very reasonable price. The carriages are comfortable and (2) ... (SPACE) but food and drink is (3) ... (AVAIL) because the journey is short. There is an on-board television service with informaticm-about flights and airport facilities. In (4) ... (ADD), the train has telephones for passengers to use. Many travellers are already choosing the train in preference to a long and tiring journey by car or taxi.

Stonehenge, the location of which is Salisbury Plain in England, is a prehistoric monument. Its construction took place in about 1,800 BCand is undoubtedly an amazing human (1) ... (ACHIEVE). It consists of two circles of huge stones, some of which weigh up to 50 tons. What makes Stonehenge all the more (2) ... (IMPRESS) is the fact that some of the stones (3)... (ORIGIN) came from Pembrokeshire, which is over 200 miles away. Transportation of these stones would have been carried out using manual labour, since very little (4) ... (TECHNOLOGY) advancement had taken place at the time.

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Zoos are a tradition, and a visit to a zoo is a wholesome, family activity. Modern zoos save (1) ... (DANGER) species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss and starvation. They give their animal guests much more space. The animal areas no longer look like cages, but wide open parkland. It is a much more pleasant (2) ... (SOLVE) as the animals appear to be free while they are actually in a very protected environment which is (3) ... (COMPLETE) unpolluted and they have no shortage of good nourishing food. In fact the animals seem (4) ... (AWARE) of their captivity and relaxed while living in a controlled conservation area.

Unlike popular rumours, bats are nothing to be scared of. Bats are great, indeed! Not only are they super cute, but htey help us humans out in many ways. Without bats, no one would polinate our avocados, mangoes, or bananas. Bat is the common name of this remarcable animal while Chiroptera is its (1) ... (SCIENCE) name. Bats are small, fast-moving, capable of sudden changes in direction and active at night. In (2) ... (ADD) to this, they have (3) ... (RAPID) moving wings and an (4) ... (PREDICT) way of flying. Given these (5) ... (CHARACTER), and the fact that bats often find suitable hiding places around human dwellings, it is perhaps not surprising that human fears have been transformed into superstition and myth. Centuries of myths and misinformation still generate needless fears and (6) ... (THREAT) bats and their habitats.

Му own memories of sports lessons at school aren’t particularly good, but that’s mainly because of the type of school I went to. It was very (1) ... (COMMON) by British standards, with old-fashioned ways of teaching, and the headteacher didn’t really think sports mattered at all. The school rarely organised sports events and never invested in sports equipment. There was very little emphasis on the importance of eating (2) ... (SENSE) and the benefits of keeping fit and exercising properly. I believe that issues like (3) ... (OBESE), anorexia, the nutritional value of food, etc. should be included in sports lessons at school. Children should be (4) ... (COURAGE) by teachers to take part in (5) ... (COMPETE) sports. Winning at sports can build up your self-esteem and confidence. On the other hand, since you can’t expect to win every time, sports can also teach you how to be humble and (6) ... (REALIST).

Are you tired of lying on the beach all day and baking in the sun? Are you keen on saving our planet and

meeting like-minded people? If so, then one of our eco-tourism packages is the perfect (1) ... (SOLVE) for your upcoming holidays. The waiting lists are long, so make sure your arrangements are made well in advance. Some eco-holidays are dedicated to protecting (2) ... (DANGER) species and helping them to reproduce. There are many ways to experience (3) ... (FORGET) vacations. What about caring for whales and then windsurfing in your free time? Or why net be part of a group that (4) ... (REGULAR) patrols the grounds of a Kenyan nature reserve? Whatever your choice, our organisation will ensure that you don’t experience any major (5) ... (CONVENIENCE). Combine your passion for nature and travel, and do something to support our world! With us, it’s not just a holiday; it’s a chance to take a (6) ... (RESPONSE) holiday.

The Corinthia Hotel in London is one of the most (1) ... (IMPRESS) hotels I have ever stayed at. First of all, its prime location, in the heart of London, (2) ... (ABLE) visitors to explore London on foot and to visit the many (3) ... (ATTRACT) of the metropolis. The rooms are beautifully furnished and very comfortable. The most luxurious accommodation of all is the penthouse suite, which has a spectacular view of central London and its surroundings. Guests also have a (4) ... (VARY) of restaurants and bars to choose from. The friendly atmosphere and the service ensured that my stay was (5) ... (ENJOY) and I would (6) ... (DEFINITE) go back there again.

Unlike popular rumours, bats are nothing to be scared of. Bats are great, indeed! Not only are they super cute, but htey help us humans out in many ways. Without bats, no one would polinate our avocados, mangoes, or bananas. Bat is the common name of this remarcable animal while Chiroptera is its (1) ... (SCIENCE) name. Bats are small, fast-moving, capable of sudden changes in direction and active at night. In (2) ... (ADD) to this, they have (3) ... (RAPID) moving wings and an (4) ... (PREDICT) way of flying. Given these (5) ... (CHARACTER), and the fact that bats often find suitable hiding places around human dwellings, it is perhaps not surprising that human fears have been transformed into superstition and myth. Centuries of myths and misinformation still generate needless fears and (6) ... (THREAT) bats and their habitats.

Му own memories of sports lessons at school aren’t particularly good, but that’s mainly because of the type of school I went to. It was very (1) ... (COMMON) by British standards, with old-fashioned ways of teaching, and the headteacher didn’t really think sports mattered at all. The school rarely organised sports events and never invested in sports equipment. There was very little emphasis on the importance of eating (2) ... (SENSE) and the benefits of keeping fit and exercising properly. I believe that issues like (3) ... (OBESE), anorexia, the nutritional value of food, etc. should be included in sports lessons at school. Children should be (4) ... (COURAGE) by teachers to take part in (5) ... (COMPETE) sports. Winning at sports can build up your self-esteem and confidence. On the other hand, since you can’t expect to win every time, sports can also teach you how to be humble and (6) ... (REALIST).

Are you tired of lying on the beach all day and baking in the sun? Are you keen on saving our planet and

meeting like-minded people? If so, then one of our eco-tourism packages is the perfect (1) ... (SOLVE) for your upcoming holidays. The waiting lists are long, so make sure your arrangements are made well in advance. Some eco-holidays are dedicated to protecting (2) ... (DANGER) species and helping them to reproduce. There are many ways to experience (3) ... (FORGET) vacations. What about caring for whales and then windsurfing in your free time? Or why net be part of a group that (4) ... (REGULAR) patrols the grounds of a Kenyan nature reserve? Whatever your choice, our organisation will ensure that you don’t experience any major (5) ... (CONVENIENCE). Combine your passion for nature and travel, and do something to support our world! With us, it’s not just a holiday; it’s a chance to take a (6) ... (RESPONSE) holiday.

The Corinthia Hotel in London is one of the most (1) ... (IMPRESS) hotels I have ever stayed at. First of all, its prime location, in the heart of London, (2) ... (ABLE) visitors to explore London on foot and to visit the many (3) ... (ATTRACT) of the metropolis. The rooms are beautifully furnished and very comfortable. The most luxurious accommodation of all is the penthouse suite, which has a spectacular view of central London and its surroundings. Guests also have a (4) ... (VARY) of restaurants and bars to choose from. The friendly atmosphere and the service ensured that my stay was (5) ... (ENJOY) and I would (6) ... (DEFINITE) go back there again.

The best way to keep well is to avoid (1) ... foods and habits. It is also helpful to take plenty of exercise, and we should give (2) ... to people of all ages to do this, particularly the very young. If we can educate people at an early age to keep fit and to look after themselves carefully, then the (3) ... of their having problems in later life will be (4) ... reduced.

Thomas Edison knew his new invention, the lightbulb, would be revolutionary, but it's (1) ... that he realised quite how much the introduction of (2) ... would affect the kitchen. The modern kitchen is overflowing with electrical appliances. For a busy parent whose kids are hungry, the simplest (3) ... these days is to take some frozen food out of the freezer and pop it in the microwave. It's been particularly (4) ... for women - no longer do they have to stay all day chained to the cooker and the kitchen sink.

The days when people would go to a zoo for (1) ... are long gone. Today's zoos play a role in the protection of threatened species. The way animals are treated in a zoo has changed, too. Many intelligent animals suffer from (2) ... in captivity and their keepers now try to improve the (3) ... state of animals in their care. They do this, for example, by providing the animals with a variety of different food or by changing the animals' daily routine. Although some critics of zoos remain (4) ..., there can be no doubt that animals in Zoos today enjoy a more comfortable existence than in the past.

When you have accepted our offer of (1) ... you will be given a uniform which you have to wear while on duty. Our uniform has been designed after detailed (2) ... with members of staff and reflects the quality and style of our business. It helps to form the customers' first impression of us. Please note that male staff are not permitted to wear jewellery of any kind and female staff must not wear rings or earrings which are (3) ... in shape or design. Wristwatches must be (4) ... in size and appearance.

York is (1) ... one of the most interesting cities in Britain. It is a very well-preserved walled city which has seen over 2,000 years of eventful history. However, York is also a modern city with an excellent shopping centre and plenty of clubs and other places of (2) ... for those who like to stay out late. Any visit to York would be (3) ... without going to the Minster, York's Cathedral, a wonderful example of Gothic architecture on the grand scale. The Minster supposedly took 250 years to finish. One of its most impressive sights is the stained glass Rose Window, which looks particulary magnificent on a fine, (4) ... day.

Summer is in the air and it's only natural for people to feel good and (1) ... about going on holiday. Everyone needs to relax and get away, so they try to use their (2) ... leave in the best possible way. Needless to say, getting away and escaping from your routine reduces stress. Any (3) ... will tell you of the benefits a holiday offers. So, even if you have to (4) ... your belt in order to afford a holiday, do it. In the end, it's worth it!

Since its invention in the late 1950s, the skateboard has become a standard item of sports equipment for teenage boys. By the early 1970s, bicycle manufacturers started producing quality skateboards which broke less (1) ... and had more (2) ... wheels that would not come off and cause injury. The (3) ... of the sport declined in the 1980s when some critics argued it was still too risky and (4) ... . However, skateboarding has made a comeback and is likely to remain a symbol of youthful energy for many years.

The number one gadget for most teenagers today is the mobile phone. They seem to get enormous (1) ... from comparing new models which (2) ... them to send text messages at the speed of life. But most teachers are totally intolerable of mobile phone use in the classroom. Text messaging is completely banned and mobiles should be (3) ... switched off. This approach gets across the message that students need to concentrate. However, it shows that many schools misunderstand the full capability of the mobile phone. After all, a mobile phone is just like a mini computer, with full access to the web. There are many (4) ... ways in which mobiles can be used for learning.

Las Vegas is known as the marriage capital of the world. The process of obtaining a marriage licence can be completed within minutes in Las Vegas while it often takes several weeks and involves lots of paperwork in other parts of the world. It is also (1) ... cheap at just $60. There are a lot of (2) ... to choose from. The competition between different venues keeps the prices relatively low and (3) ... . This has made Las Vegas a popular destination among couples wanting to get married. The fact that it is (4) ... to plan in advance means there are plenty of spontaneous weddings in Las Vegas each year of couples on holiday.

Most people agree that the Oscars are the biggest film awards in the world. They are the most (1) ... awards anyone in the film business can win. They are called the Oscars after the golden statue which is given out to the winners. Why the statue is named Oscar remains (2) ... . Oscars are of great importance because winning one can really help a film to be successful or an actor to achieve (3) ... . As a result, an actor often gets offered lots more work and better films once he/she has won an award, as people take him/her more (4) ... .

Chameleons, a (1) ... of tree-living lizard, are found in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Arabia and Southern Europe. They are unusual in their appearance with their bulging eyes, which move (2) ..., and their long curled tail, which can be twisted around branches to increase their grip. The chameleon's eyesight is exceptional for a reptile; its 360-degree vision makes it highly (3) ... at hunting prey and spotting predators (хищ­ник). Today, many chameleon species are (4) ... because of pollution and the destruction of their natural habitat.

The New Zealanders Dwayne van der Sluis and Andrew Akers must be the happiest people on Earth now that their (1) ... and latest craze, zorbing, has become a success. Zorbing involves standing in a ball  — or zorb  — which consists of specially hardened plastic. The zorb is rolled down a hill, speeding at about 50 kilometres an hour. It may sound like quite a (2) ... pastime, but the 70 centimetres of air between you and the ground make it (3) ... to get hurt. That's why zorbing didn't take long to gain in (4) ... .

The street party is a popular form of celebration in Britain. Whole streets come together to mark such important national occasions as a new millennium. (1) ... , it is impossible to hold a party in a busy street, so traffic is banned. This may annoy motorists but it is (2) ... Street parties need the involvement of as many people as possible. They (3) ... people who live in cities to unite as a (4) ... just as they would in a traditional small village or town.

Last year I won a (1) ... in a newspaper and the prize was a holiday for two in a well-known Mediterranean resort. It turned out to be an (2) ... unpleasant experience and one which my husband and I would not like to repeat. Our room overlooked the road, which was unfortunately being widened at that time, and the noise from the machinery was deafening. The road works went on 24 hours a day and as a result we suffered several (3) ... nights. So we decided to (4) ... our stay and catch the first available flight home.

Kabuki is a traditional Japanese performing art that involves the telling of a story through song and dance. It was created in the early 1600s by a female dancer who performed in (1) ... ceremonies and (2) ... gained popularity with Japan's lower social classes. The performers wear colourful costumes and thick makeup and sing and dance to the accompaniment of a (3) ... of instruments. It's a truly (4) ... cultural experience!

Ali Baba's restaurant in central London is one of the best restaurants I've been to for a long time. It has an extensive range of Turkish dishes including plenty of choices which are (1) ... even for vegetarians. The restaurant has a very pleasant atmosphere. At weekends diners can enjoy performances by Turkish singers and dancers. We are sure that you will have an (2) ... evening if you go to Ali Baba's. You will also find it unexpectedly (3) ... . A meal for two will cost roughly £20 on condition that you stick to the house wines. But there is an excellent (4) ... of these on the wine list.

One of the most important (1) ... in the history of the motorcar was the development of the Model-T Ford in 1913, which was the first car to be produced on a large scale. The inventor of this method of production was Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company. The production line, as it came to be known, offered employment to thousands of workers. It seemed (2) ... but the company cut costs as well, making cars affordable to clients. In addition, the replacement of old work practices made cars more (3) ... , while (4) ... improvements to the interior of the car made driving a pleasure.

A (1) ... number of people feel that washing with antibacterial soaps is the (2) ... thing to do. (3) ..., their ignorance has led them to believe that these soaps are better than normal ones. However, research has shown that there is no real difference between washing with ordinary soap or soap containing antibacterial agents. It has also been proved that being too clean actually has (4) ... effects, as our bodies do not become resistant to germs (мик­ро­бы). This discovery has come as a surprise, especially to those who believe that bacteria have to be fought with every means known to man.

Britain rightly has the (1) ... of being a safe place and street crime is fortunately not common. However, it is still (2) ... for tourists to take some precautions (меры предо­сто­рож­но­сти). Pickpockets may operate in crowded areas so make sure that you keep cameras and any other valuable things in a safe place. Experts recommend that passports and tickets should preferably be kept under your clothes in a money belt, perhaps. You must, of course, be particularly (3) ... at night. Be sure to take advice from local people. If they tell you a certain area is (4) ... at night, then don't go there.

Moods are infectious  — and that's official! (1) ... have proved that you can catch joy or (2) ... like colds or flu, whether you want to or not, especially at work. They have only recently started noticing that cheerfulness is also catching. John Addison, a department store assistant, was finding his work boring and (3) ... "The previous manager was (4) ..., and it was difficult to work when he was around," he says. "Then we got someone else who is funny and who gives out a lot of energy, and I suddenly felt much warmer towards the job."

Many years ago, archaeology was about making discoveries and finding buried treasure. Now it has become a more scientific subject. Archaeologists are becoming (1) ... interested in finding out more about the lives of ordinary people rather than the dramatic lives of kings and emperors. 99% of archaeology is concerned with reading, excavating, recording, and classifying, and it is neither thrilling nor dangerous. However, the real (2) ... of archaeology comes through an (3) ... stream of new discoveries. Even the smallest piece of pottery, however (4) ... it may appear at first glance, can change our whole understanding of things that happened in the past.

Cigarette advertising is a popular topic for discussion, as an increasing number of people believe that it should be banned (за­пре­ще­но). I support this view for a (1) ... of reasons. In the first place, cigarette advertising should be stopped because an (2) ..., harmful product is being promoted. Another major reason for banning cigarette advertising is the fact that it targets young people. They become attracted to the glamorous (3) ... of smoking, which leads to them taking up the habit. The average teenager does not consider the harmful effects of smoking or the fact that Smoking is (4) ... .

It's hard to find a place to eat which satisfies the whole family. I remember my parents taking me as a child to the most (1) ... restaurant they could find. They didn't think it was worth spending a lot of money on someone who had notable manners. Today the choice of restaurants is so great, however, that total (2) ... is rare. It's difficult to explain exactly what I am looking for in a restaurant. It's certainly not (3) ... surroundings, although I must admit that I'm usually (4) ... to go into a place that looks dirty.

Resisting the (1) ... to buy is hard. Now guilty shoppers keen to get rid of (2) ... purchases have a new option  — simply give it away online. I find it (3) ... that everything advertised on Freecycle is free. The site is the creation of Deron Bcal, an (4) ... from Arizona. Bcal says his chief aim is to cut waste and help the environment reducing the amount of rubbish sent to landfill sites (свал­ка), through the promotion of giving things to people who want them.

Today, there is a wide (1) ... of holidays available for all tastes and pockets. Once considered somewhat conventional as a choice of holiday, backpacking (пеший ту­ризм) has grown dramatically in (2) ... in recent years, especially among budget-conscious travellers who are looking for a more economic way of seeing the world. However, backpacking can be dangerous for your health. Packing your bag (3) ... can lead to injuries to your neck and spine. So you should (4) ... the load by putting bigger items close to your back. Aim for no more than 30 percent of your body weight; less is always better.

There seems to be little doubt that global warming is a real phenomenon. However, as (1) ... as it may seem, scientists disagree about the causes of this (2) ... change. One explanation is the greenhouse effect. This is where pollution in the atmosphere traps the sun's rays, like a giant greenhouse. While nobody claims that releasing chemicals into the atmosphere can be (3) ..., not everyone is convinced that all the temperature change is due to industrial activity. It's an important question, because a (4) ... can only be found once we understand exactly what is causing the problem.

Although doughnuts (пи­рож­ки) are sold in many countries across the globe, many people make the mistaken assumption that doughnuts originally came from America. Some people find it (1) ... that doughnuts have a disputed history. According to one theory, they are a Dutch (2) ... . Popular in Holland, they were brought to America by Dutch (3) ... . In the traditional Dutch recipe, doughnuts were dipped in sugar. However, over time, several varieties have appeared. Today, doughnuts are served with toppings such as icing (гла­зурь) and chocolate, and often have a hole in the middle. Doughnuts not only taste far better with a hole in the middle, but this shape (4) ... the doughnut is cooked right through and not still raw in the centre.

In 1967, the use of drugs by (1) ... in the Olympics was banned. Before modern drugs became a problem, athletes had tried all sorts of ways to get an (2) ... advantage, including drinking a mixture of alcohol and raw egg before a race, hoping for an improvement in their times. Unfortunately, in 1960, a Danish athlete died after taking drugs and the (3) ... was taken to outlaw certain substances. Today, there are (4) ... chemicals that athletes are not allowed to take during training and officials randomly test athletes for evidence of these drugs.

When I was a teenager, I used to play the flute in my school orchestra. (1) ..., in much of the music that we played, the sound of the flute was needed only occasionally, which, of course, upset me. Therefore, I spent a lot of my time during the performance counting the beats. Those minutes spent reciting "one, two, three, four" while the rest of the orchestra played seemed (2) ... . But they planted in my young brain the idea that there must be a (3) ... between music and number. For me, out of the (4) ... of orchestra practice, a new passion for mathematics was born.

Where do all the old mobile phones go? The director of (1) ... affairs at Nokia says: 'We've been doing a lot of research into what would convince people to recycle their phones. The biggest obstacle (пре­пят­ствие) seems to be that people have very strong emotional bonds to their mobile phones, and so are (2) ... to part with them. One answer is turning your old mobile phone into a charitable donation. About 70% of mobiles sent for recycling still work, and these can be sold in developing countries, where they provide an (3) ... alternative to new (4) ... .'

Rising temperatures and a hotter climate? Well, if you are fortunate enough to live in a country with a (1) ... climate, it sounds great, doesn't it? But there is a dark side. This climate might bring with it mosquitoes, (2) ... of malaria. It is important to remember that malaria is not an (3) ... disease providing it is dealt with promptly. So if you should come back from the tropics feeling ill, it is (4) ... to receive medical treatment as quickly as possible.

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Computers are incredibly useful in many ways. I used to have no idea about them  — I was really (1) ... at anything technical and felt very (2) ... whenever people asked me to do anything on the computer. When I first started using them, I made a lot of mistakes and would feel very embarrassed when people referred to the latest technological (3) ... and I didn’t know what they were talking about. But now I know enough not to feel (4) ... ignorant when my friends discuss the latest gadgets.

We have been trying to organise a hobbies and crafts fair (яр­мар­ка) in my school for the last two weeks. The number of interesting activities is (1) ... but so many students are just too (2) ... to the needs of others. It makes me wonder if all teens are always so difficult to deal with. One problem concerns (3) ... as we need a number of volunteers to help us arrange the (4) ... in such a way that won’t make anyone feel left out. Some students have been making good progress in setting up a number of detached displays which give an excellent view of the variety of activities on offer.

In an era when family cars are about as (1) ... as fridges, Volkswagen has taken the most (2) ... car of all time, the ‘Beetle’, back to the (3) ... board and given it a (4) ... look.

A plant doesn’t need water unless its leaves are (1) ... drooping, but it’s important to have some (2) ... around the roots, so keep the soil damp. Don’t overfeed plants, as this results in unhealthily rapid (3) ... It will be necessary for you to re-pot your plants (4) ..., in order to give them more space; the best time to do this is when the roots begin to grow up the side of the pot.

Acting is certainly not a career for anyone who likes (1) ... Actors who are at the start of their careers, when they are still (2) ..., must go where the work is. This means they never really know the (3) ... of time they will spend in any one place. There is a lot of (4) ... in the theatre, too.

The Airport Express service has been in full operation for the past three weeks. This train service takes you from the centre of the city to the airport very (1) ... (RAPID) and at a very reasonable price. The carriages are comfortable and (2) ... (SPACE) but food and drink is (3) ... (AVAIL) because the journey is short. There is an on-board television service with informaticm-about flights and airport facilities. In (4) ... (ADD), the train has telephones for passengers to use. Many travellers are already choosing the train in preference to a long and tiring journey by car or taxi.

Stonehenge, the location of which is Salisbury Plain in England, is a prehistoric monument. Its construction took place in about 1,800 BCand is undoubtedly an amazing human (1) ... (ACHIEVE). It consists of two circles of huge stones, some of which weigh up to 50 tons. What makes Stonehenge all the more (2) ... (IMPRESS) is the fact that some of the stones (3)... (ORIGIN) came from Pembrokeshire, which is over 200 miles away. Transportation of these stones would have been carried out using manual labour, since very little (4) ... (TECHNOLOGY) advancement had taken place at the time.

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Zoos are a tradition, and a visit to a zoo is a wholesome, family activity. Modern zoos save (1) ... (DANGER) species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss and starvation. They give their animal guests much more space. The animal areas no longer look like cages, but wide open parkland. It is a much more pleasant (2) ... (SOLVE) as the animals appear to be free while they are actually in a very protected environment which is (3) ... (COMPLETE) unpolluted and they have no shortage of good nourishing food. In fact the animals seem (4) ... (AWARE) of their captivity and relaxed while living in a controlled conservation area.

Unlike popular rumours, bats are nothing to be scared of. Bats are great, indeed! Not only are they super cute, but htey help us humans out in many ways. Without bats, no one would polinate our avocados, mangoes, or bananas. Bat is the common name of this remarcable animal while Chiroptera is its (1) ... (SCIENCE) name. Bats are small, fast-moving, capable of sudden changes in direction and active at night. In (2) ... (ADD) to this, they have (3) ... (RAPID) moving wings and an (4) ... (PREDICT) way of flying. Given these (5) ... (CHARACTER), and the fact that bats often find suitable hiding places around human dwellings, it is perhaps not surprising that human fears have been transformed into superstition and myth. Centuries of myths and misinformation still generate needless fears and (6) ... (THREAT) bats and their habitats.

Му own memories of sports lessons at school aren’t particularly good, but that’s mainly because of the type of school I went to. It was very (1) ... (COMMON) by British standards, with old-fashioned ways of teaching, and the headteacher didn’t really think sports mattered at all. The school rarely organised sports events and never invested in sports equipment. There was very little emphasis on the importance of eating (2) ... (SENSE) and the benefits of keeping fit and exercising properly. I believe that issues like (3) ... (OBESE), anorexia, the nutritional value of food, etc. should be included in sports lessons at school. Children should be (4) ... (COURAGE) by teachers to take part in (5) ... (COMPETE) sports. Winning at sports can build up your self-esteem and confidence. On the other hand, since you can’t expect to win every time, sports can also teach you how to be humble and (6) ... (REALIST).

Are you tired of lying on the beach all day and baking in the sun? Are you keen on saving our planet and

meeting like-minded people? If so, then one of our eco-tourism packages is the perfect (1) ... (SOLVE) for your upcoming holidays. The waiting lists are long, so make sure your arrangements are made well in advance. Some eco-holidays are dedicated to protecting (2) ... (DANGER) species and helping them to reproduce. There are many ways to experience (3) ... (FORGET) vacations. What about caring for whales and then windsurfing in your free time? Or why net be part of a group that (4) ... (REGULAR) patrols the grounds of a Kenyan nature reserve? Whatever your choice, our organisation will ensure that you don’t experience any major (5) ... (CONVENIENCE). Combine your passion for nature and travel, and do something to support our world! With us, it’s not just a holiday; it’s a chance to take a (6) ... (RESPONSE) holiday.

The Corinthia Hotel in London is one of the most (1) ... (IMPRESS) hotels I have ever stayed at. First of all, its prime location, in the heart of London, (2) ... (ABLE) visitors to explore London on foot and to visit the many (3) ... (ATTRACT) of the metropolis. The rooms are beautifully furnished and very comfortable. The most luxurious accommodation of all is the penthouse suite, which has a spectacular view of central London and its surroundings. Guests also have a (4) ... (VARY) of restaurants and bars to choose from. The friendly atmosphere and the service ensured that my stay was (5) ... (ENJOY) and I would (6) ... (DEFINITE) go back there again.

1.  Water is a basic ... (NECESSARY) of life.

2.  I thought the injection would hurt but it was completely ... (PAIN).

3.  Peter looked very ... (ANGRY) at the person who had interrupted him.

4.  Digital photography makes it easy for people to ... (LARGE) their own pictures.

1.  John has а ... (VARY) of different, brightly coloured ties that he wears to work.

2.  Don’t be afraid of the dog, it’s completely ... (HARM).

3.  Although they sometimes quarrel ... (NOISY), the Browns are good neighbours.

4.  Dan would never do anything to ... (DANGER) the lives of his children.

1.  We had to make a difficult ... (DECIDE) about the future of our fashion brand.

2.  Teaching is notan appropriate job for an ... (RELIABLE) person, as children count on you a lot.

3.  Ted is ... (EXTREME) determined to get what he wants; he’s so pushy.

4.  We really need to ... (STRENGTH) this step or someone is going to fall through it.

1.  We can’t expect an instant ... (SOLVE) to our traffic problems.

2.  I felt so ... (FIT) after Christmas that I decided to join the gym.

3.  I didn’t ... (IMMEDIATE) realise how serious the situation was.

4.  So many people come to the Lake District that they ... (THREAT) the peace and quiet which many are searching for there.

1.  Water is a basic ... (NECESSARY) of life.

2.  I thought the injection would hurt but it was completely ... (PAIN).

3.  Peter looked very ... (ANGRY) at the person who had interrupted him.

4.  Digital photography makes it easy for people to ... (LARGE) their own pictures.

1.  John has а ... (VARY) of different, brightly coloured ties that he wears to work.

2.  Don’t be afraid of the dog, it’s completely ... (HARM).

3.  Although they sometimes quarrel ... (NOISY), the Browns are good neighbours.

4.  Dan would never do anything to ... (DANGER) the lives of his children.

1.  We had to make a difficult ... (DECIDE) about the future of our fashion brand.

2.  Teaching is notan appropriate job for an ... (RELIABLE) person, as children count on you a lot.

3.  Ted is ... (EXTREME) determined to get what he wants; he’s so pushy.

4.  We really need to ... (STRENGTH) this step or someone is going to fall through it.

1.  We can’t expect an instant ... (SOLVE) to our traffic problems.

2.  I felt so ... (FIT) after Christmas that I decided to join the gym.

3.  I didn’t ... (IMMEDIATE) realise how serious the situation was.

4.  So many people come to the Lake District that they ... (THREAT) the peace and quiet which many are searching for there.

1.  Water is a basic ... (NECESSARY) of life.

2.  I thought the injection would hurt but it was completely ... (PAIN).

3.  Peter looked very ... (ANGRY) at the person who had interrupted him.

4.  Digital photography makes it easy for people to ... (LARGE) their own pictures.

1.  John has а ... (VARY) of different, brightly coloured ties that he wears to work.

2.  Don’t be afraid of the dog, it’s completely ... (HARM).

3.  Although they sometimes quarrel ... (NOISY), the Browns are good neighbours.

4.  Dan would never do anything to ... (DANGER) the lives of his children.

1.  We had to make a difficult ... (DECIDE) about the future of our fashion brand.

2.  Teaching is notan appropriate job for an ... (RELIABLE) person, as children count on you a lot.

3.  Ted is ... (EXTREME) determined to get what he wants; he’s so pushy.

4.  We really need to ... (STRENGTH) this step or someone is going to fall through it.

1.  We can’t expect an instant ... (SOLVE) to our traffic problems.

2.  I felt so ... (FIT) after Christmas that I decided to join the gym.

3.  I didn’t ... (IMMEDIATE) realise how serious the situation was.

4.  So many people come to the Lake District that they ... (THREAT) the peace and quiet which many are searching for there.

1.  Water is a basic ... (NECESSARY) of life.

2.  I thought the injection would hurt but it was completely ... (PAIN).

3.  Peter looked very ... (ANGRY) at the person who had interrupted him.

4.  Digital photography makes it easy for people to ... (LARGE) their own pictures.

1.  John has а ... (VARY) of different, brightly coloured ties that he wears to work.

2.  Don’t be afraid of the dog, it’s completely ... (HARM).

3.  Although they sometimes quarrel ... (NOISY), the Browns are good neighbours.

4.  Dan would never do anything to ... (DANGER) the lives of his children.

1.  We had to make a difficult ... (DECIDE) about the future of our fashion brand.

2.  Teaching is notan appropriate job for an ... (RELIABLE) person, as children count on you a lot.

3.  Ted is ... (EXTREME) determined to get what he wants; he’s so pushy.

4.  We really need to ... (STRENGTH) this step or someone is going to fall through it.

1.  We can’t expect an instant ... (SOLVE) to our traffic problems.

2.  I felt so ... (FIT) after Christmas that I decided to join the gym.

3.  I didn’t ... (IMMEDIATE) realise how serious the situation was.

4.  So many people come to the Lake District that they ... (THREAT) the peace and quiet which many are searching for there.